![]() (1) Ulnar fracture, (2) Radio-humeral dislocation, (3) Ulno-humeral dislocation, (4) Proximal radio-ulnar dislocation, (5) Radial fracture and (6) Distal radio-ulnar joint/inter-osseus membrane lesion. They must be recognized, since each of them affects the prognosis and requires specific treatment. This classification is based on the identification of six essential lesions, defined as main lesions. Īnother classification called the Proximal Ulnar and Radial fracture-dislocation Comprehensive Classification System (PURCCS) was proposed by Giannicola et al., in 2013. ![]() When these injuries are associated with radial head or coronoid fractures or complex patterns, they are named Monteggia variant, Monteggia like, or Monteggia equivalent. More recently, however, Jupiter has further characterized and classified these complex injuries. The fourth type is associated with a fracture of the radius and ulna at the same level proximally and with an anterior dislocation of the radial head. In 1959, Bado, classified the injury into four types based on the anterior, posterior, or lateral/anterolateral direction of the radial head dislocation. Several classifications have been proposed for this condition. ![]() In these types of lesions, the association of coronoid, olecranon, and radial head injury is common, whereby most of the bone structures implicated in elbow stability are disrupted. Since the first description in 1814 by Giovanni Battista Monteggia of a fracture of the proximal ulna associated with anterior dislocation of the radial head, the eponym of Monteggia fracture recently has included various patterns of complex fracture-dislocation of the proximal ulna and radius that are not yet well defined. ![]()
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